Hak Petani atas Pemuliaan Tanaman Menelusuri Perlindungan Hukum di Indonesia dan Malaysia

Febrian Halomoan; Rildo Anuar Sihite; Wahidul Halim; Atik Winanti

doi:10.62383/amandemen.v2i3.1072

Authors

Febrian Halomoan Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta
Rildo Anuar Sihite Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta
Wahidul Halim Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta
Atik Winanti Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62383/amandemen.v2i3.1072

Keywords:

Breeding, Farmer’s-Right, Plant, Variety, Protection

Abstract

As an agricultural country, farmers in Indonesia have a crucial role, their existence must be safeguarded within the agricultural sector. Encouraging farmers to engage in breeding or develop new superior plant varieties is essential for fostering independent and advanced Indonesian farmers. These breeding activities are governed by Law Number 22 of 2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System, and Law Number 29 of 2000 Plant Variety Protection. However, these laws have led to challenges for farmers involved in breeding, as the Plant Variety Protection Law adopts liberal approach that prioritizes individual economic benefits and specifically protects breeders who have registered their new varieties. As a result, farmers who use traditional knowledge in their breeding practices are vulnerable to criminalization due to the registration system. This paper will examine the rights of farmers in breeding activities under Indonesian law and compare with regulations in Malaysia, which shares geographical proximity, customs, and membership in the World Trade Organization. The research method is normative legal research, utilizing both conceptual and comparative approach. The objective to explore the legal protection of farmers’ rights in breeding activities in both Indonesia and Malaysia, and provide recommendations for improving the protection of farmers' rights in the future.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bustani, Simona. (2022). Budaya Hukum Penerapan Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman Dalam Mewujudkan Kedaulatan Pangan Indonesia Di Era Global. Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Pembangunan Hukum, 4 (2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.25105/hpph.v4i2.14765.

Dewi, R. S., Nabilah Hariri Putri, A., & Safira Purwaningrum, N. (2025). Perbandingan Hukum Indonesia Dengan Malaysia Terhadap Penyelesaian Sengketa Arbitrase. Yustitiabelen, 11(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.36563/yustitiabelen.v11i1.1394.

Efendi, Jonaedi., & Ibrahim, Johnny. (2018). Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif dan Empiris. Depok: Prenadamedia Group.

Effendi, I. S., Nurwati, N., & Ilyanawati, R. Y. A. (2023). The Effectiveness of the Center for Plant Variety Protection and Agricultural Licensing in Providing Legal Protection of Plant Varieties. Transnational Business Law Journal, 4 (2), 154. https://doi.org/10.23920/transbuslj.v4i2.1500.

Emilia, S., Andini, M. ., & Asbari, M. (2022). Pancasila as a Paradigm of Legal Development in Indonesia. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA), 1(2), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.4444/jisma.v1i2.6

Fakhry Amin,et al. (2023). Ilmu Perundang-undangan. Banten: Sada Kurnia Pustaka.

Hermanda, Angga. (2023). Direbut Penjajah, Digadaikan Negara Sendiri: Riwayat Panjang Hak-Hak Petani Indonesia. Available at: https://indoprogress.com/ 2023/12/riwayat-panjang-hak-hak-petani-indonesia/, diakses tanggal 15 April 2025.

Labetubun, M.A., Akyuwen, R.J., & Pariela, M.V. (2018). Perlindungan Pengetahuan Tradisional Secara Sui Generis Untuk Menyongsong Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean. SASI, 24(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v24i1.113.

Meghwal, M. L., Dhurve, L., Raj, S., Afreen, N., Abhijeet, Tripathi, S., Maurya, D. K., & Kumar, A. (2023). A Comprehensive Review on the Impacts of Intellectual Property Rights on the Global Agricultural Economy. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 41(12), 160–173. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i122316.

Nurdin, Iwan. (2020). Pangan dan Pertanian Kita Terancam oleh RUU Cipta Kerja. Available at: https://fian-indonesia.org/pangan-dan-pertanian-kita-terancam-oleh-ruu-cipta-kerja/, diakses tanggal 29 Maret 2025.

Nurwati, N., Khotamir Rusli, R., Roestamy, M., & Rahman Nur Ibnu, A. (2025). Critique of Intellectual Property Law Supervision and Policy: Towards a Structured System in Indonesia. Kosmik Hukum, 25(1), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.25148.

Putri, Yunita M. (2021). Perlindungan Bagi Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal. Jurnal Hukum DE’RECHTSSTAAT, 7 (2), 173–184. https://doi.org /https://ojs.unida.ac.id/LAW/article/view/4073.

Rizal, Moch Choirul., Zahro, Fatimatuz., & Dermawan, Rizki. (2022). Ragam Metode Penelitian Hukum. Kediri: Lembaga Studi Hukum Pidana.

Rizkia, N. D., & Fardiansyah, H. (2022). Hak kekayaan intelektual: Suatu pengantar. Bandung: Widina Bhakti Persada.

Rosidawati, I. (2016). Konsep Perlindungan Pengetahuan Tradisional Berdasarkan Asas Keadilan Melalui Sui Generis Intellectual Property System. Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, 20(2), 163–185. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol20.iss2.art1.

Ruhtiani, Maya. (2022). Perbandingan Perlindungan Hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal Antara Indonesia dan China. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 22 (2), 886-891. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i2.2025.

Setyoningsih, Erika Vivin. (2021). Implementasi Ratifikasi Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right (Trips Agremeent) terhadap Politik Hukum di Indonesia. JPHK, 2 (2), 117-129. https://doi.org/10.18196/jphk.v2i2.11749.

Singh Kavia, Aditi. &Singh Chouhan, Karan. (2025). Crime, Morality and Decolonization: A Critical Comparative Analysis of Criminal Law Reforms in Indonesia and India. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure. 25 (1), 49-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2025.V25.49-66.

Suciati. (2016). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Petani dalam Menggapai Negara Kesejahteraan (Welfare State). Jurnal Moral Kemasyarakatan, 1 (2), 149-161. https://doi.org/10.21067/jmk.v1i2.1532.

Sugeng, S., Aidy, W. R., & Jr, A. C. (2024). Intellectual Property Rights in Agriculture: Plant Variety Protection and Food Security. Audito Comparative Law Journal, 5(2), 66–91. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v5i2.33097.

Sukarmini, Wien., & Idrus, Norman Syahdar. (2020). Penerapan Pidana Kekayaan Intelektual Dalam Putusan Pengadilan, Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Hukum. 49 (1), 90-102. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.49.1.2020.90-102.

Suryadi, A., Paramitha, S. T., & Ramadhan, M. G. (2024). Overcoming Trademark Bullying in Indonesia is Linked to Brand Law and Geographical Indications. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 12(4), 2327. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i4.2327.

Talu, Hermina Intan., Pello, Jimmy., & Nobatonis, Orpa J. (2024). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Petani yang Memiliki Keahlian dalam Pemuliaan Tanaman. Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora, 1(6), 182. https://doi.org/10.62383/aliansi.v1i6.574.

Tumbel, Zidane. 2020. Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Budaya Masyarakat Adat Dalam Perspektif Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Societatis, 8 (1), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v8i1.28466.

Ume, Yosua Yohanes R.S. (2020). Implikasi Proses Ratifikasi Perjanjian Internasional terhadap Hukum Nasional. Lex Et Societatis, 8 (1), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v8i1.28468.

Wijaya, A.U., Kusnadi, S.A., & Hadi, Fikri. (2024), Konsep Keadilan Sosial dalam Regulasi Pengetahuan Tradisional untuk Menjamin Hak Komunal di Indonesia. Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 6 (2), 281-300. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v6i2.281-300.